预防甲型h1n1猪流感知识小问答

The questions of Swine Influenza’s prevention.

问题1：什么是甲型h1n1猪流感？
Q1. What is swine influenza?

甲型h1n1猪流感是一种发生在猪身上的高度传染性急性呼吸道疾病，由A型流感病毒引起。
 
Swine influenza (swine flu) is an acute viral infection of the respiratory tract in pigs caused by type A influenza virus.
 
迄今为止，在猪身上共发现3种A型流感病毒的子类型：H1N1, H1N2 和 H3N2。
 
So far three influenza type A virus subtypes: H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2 have been found in pigs.

问题2：猪流感能传染人类么？
Q2. Can swine influenza infect humans?
 
是的。自20世纪50年代以来，就已经检测到有人类感染猪流感，患者通常和猪有直接的接触（例如：猪场工人等）。
 
Yes. Human infections with swine influenza have been detected occasionally since the late 1950s usually in persons with direct exposure to pigs (e.g. people working in pig farms, etc.). 

问题3： 吃猪肉会得猪流感吗?  
Q3.Can You Get Swine Flu by Eating Pork?    

不会,你只有在一头病猪附近呆过才会得病--或者,如果这次真是一种新型猪流感病毒的话,也能从被感染的人那里得病.           
No. You can only catch swine flu from being around an infected pig -- or, if it's the new swine flu virus, from an infected person 


问题4：人类感染猪流感后有哪些症状？
Q4. What are the symptoms of swine influenza in humans?
 
人类感染猪流感后的症状通常与患流行性感冒症状相似，包括突然高烧、呼吸系统症状，还可能伴随腹泻症状。
 
Symptoms of swine influenza in humans are usually similar to regular human seasonal influenza symptoms, involving fever of sudden onset and respiratory symptoms, diarrhoea might also occur.

 
问题5：人类是怎么被传染的？
Q5. How do humans get infected?

通常，猪流感最可能通过与猪直接接触或近距离接触而传染。
 
Most commonly, swine influenza is transmitted through direct contact or close proximity with pigs.

其次，人与人之间的传播在过去也有报道，但实属罕见。
 
Secondary cases following human to human transmission have been reported in the past but they are very rare.

这种病毒不会因为食用猪肉及猪肉产品而传播。
 
This virus is not transmitted from eating pork or pork products.

猪肉食用时应完全煮熟。

Pork should be cooked well done before eating.

问题6：有治疗猪流感的疫苗么？
Q6. Is there a vaccine against swine influenza?

有。现在有防止猪感染猪流感的疫苗，但是目前还没有疫苗让人类免受猪流感的侵害。
 
Yes, there is a vaccine available for pigs against swine influenza, but there is no vaccine to protect humans from swine influenza.

问题7：人类感染猪流感能被治愈么？
Q7. Can swine influenza in humans be treated?

大多数猪流感病毒对抗病毒药物，例如：抑制剂（奥司他韦和扎那米韦）很敏感。
 
Most swine influenza viruses have been susceptible to antiviral medications such as neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir and zanamivir).

但是，近期在美国和墨西哥发现的病毒对抑制剂很敏感，却对amantadanes有抵抗力。
 
The virus that was currently detected in the US and Mexico is susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors but resistant to amantadanes.

问题8：为什么美国和墨西哥的局势代表了一个新的问题？
Q8. Why do the situations in the US and Mexico represent a new problem?

在美国加州、得克萨斯州和墨西哥发现的新型猪流感病毒包含了猪类、禽类以及人类的基因。这种结合在世界上是史无前例的。
 
The novel swine influenza virus that has now been found in the two US states California and Texas and in Mexico contains pig, bird and human genes, in a combination that has never been observed before anywhere in the world.

问题9：甲型H1N1流感传播方式如何？
Q9 What are the transmission routes of swine influenza.?
 
其传播方式主要为：病毒通过病人或病毒携带者打喷嚏、咳嗽和物理接触为媒介，在人群间传播，人群密集的环境中更容易发生传染。
 
  The main routes include virus spreading through an infectious patient or virus through sneezing of an infectious patient, coughing and physical contact between crowd,  crowded environments are more likely to spread the virus.

问题10：个人如何预防甲型H1N1流感？
Q10. How to prevent the infection of swine influenza personally ?
 
避免与病人亲密接触。
 
Avoiding close contact with people who are sick.

为避免将病毒传染给他人，自己生病时，请和他人保持距离。
 
When you are sick, keep your distance from others to protect them from getting sick too.

生病期间不要上班、上学、外出办事，尽量待在家中。
 
Staying home from work, school, and errands when you are sick.

咳嗽、打喷嚏时用纸巾掩住口鼻。用过后，请将纸巾丢进垃圾桶中。
 
Covering your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing. Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it.
 
此外，经常洗手也能有效防止细菌的入侵。
 
Washing your hands often will help protect you from germs.

Moderate exercise will benefit you.

适当的锻炼对你有好处
考虑买一个口罩以防万一你用得着
Consider buying a mask in case you need it in the future